A New Detection Method of Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Multivariate Analysis of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectra of Salivary Exosomes.

Raman spectroscopy recently proved a tremendous capacity to identify disease-specific markers in various (bio)samples being a non-invasive, rapid, and reliable method for cancer detection. In this study, we first aimed to record vibrational spectra of salivary exosomes isolated from oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients and healthy controls using surface enhancement Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Then, we assessed this method's capacity to discriminate between malignant and non-malignant samples by means of principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA) and we used area under the receiver operating characteristics with illustration as the area under the curve to measure the power of salivary exosomes SERS spectra analysis to identify cancer presence. The vibrational spectra were collected on a solid plasmonic substrate developed in our group, synthesized using tangential flow filtered and concentrated silver nanoparticles, capable of generating very reproducible spectra for a whole range of bioanalytes. SERS examination identified interesting variations in the vibrational bands assigned to thiocyanate, proteins, and nucleic acids between the saliva of cancer and control groups. Chemometric analysis indicated discrimination sensitivity between the two groups up to 79.3%. The sensitivity is influenced by the spectral interval used for the multivariate analysis, being lower (75.9%) when the full-range spectra were used.

The Prevalence and Treatment Costs of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Cluj-Napoca Maxillofacial Center.

Background and Objectives: An increasing incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is noted, as well as an increasing cost of the treatment, with NMSC becoming a public health problem. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and treatment costs of surgically treated NMSC from the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Cluj-Napoca County Hospital. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and the charge data of hospitalization from the informatic system of Cluj-Napoca County Hospital. All patients benefited from standard surgical excision with the reconstruction of the post-excisional defect. A statistical analysis of the costs related to the patients' features, period and conditions of hospitalization, materials, medication, and paraclinical investigations was performed. Results: Between 2015 and 2019, 133 patients with NMSC were addressed to our department, with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) being four-fold higher than squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Most NMSC cases were diagnosed in stage I or II, and they benefited from local reconstruction. The treatment costs progressively increased in the last five years, reaching a total cost of EUR ~13.000 in 2019. The treatment cost per episode was higher for SCC compared to BCC, while the total cost of treatment in 5 years was higher for BCC. Low income, immunosuppression, comorbidities, flap reconstruction option, long-lasting surgery, and prolonged hospitalization were associated with an increased cost of the treatment. Conclusion: The prevalence and treatment cost of surgically treated NMSC of the head and neck region increased in the last five years, with high-cost drivers being related to patients and treatment options.

Immunomodulatory Effect of Novel Electrospun Nanofibers Loaded with Doxycycline as an Adjuvant Treatment in Periodontitis.

The immunomodulatory effect of a novel biomaterial obtained through electrospinning, based on polylactic acid (PLA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP), loaded with doxycycline (doxy) was evaluated in an animal model. The treatment capabilities as a local non-surgical treatment of periodontitis was investigated on the lower incisors of Wistar rats, after the induction of localized periodontitis using the ligature technique. Following the induction of the disease, the non-surgical treatment of scaling and root planing was applied, in conjunction with the application of the new material. The results of the treatment were evaluated clinically, using the tooth mobility and gingival index scores, as well as histologically. The salivary concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) and plasmatic concentrations of interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were also monitored. Two weeks after the ligature application, the periodontal disease was successfully induced in rats. The application of the novel biomaterial obtained through electrospinning was proven to be more effective in improving the clinical parameters, while decreasing the salivary MMP-8 and plasmatic IL-1 and TNF-α concentrations, compared to the simple scaling and root planing. Thus, the novel electrospun biomaterial could be a strong candidate as an adjuvant to the non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Point-of-Care Virtual Surgical Planning and 3D Printing in Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery: A Narrative Review.

This paper provides an overview on the use of virtual surgical planning (VSP) and point-of-care 3D printing (POC 3DP) in oral and cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) surgery based on a literature review. The authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase to find papers published between January 2015 and February 2022 in English, which describe human applications of POC 3DP in CMF surgery, resulting in 63 articles being included. The main review findings were as follows: most used clinical applications were anatomical models and cutting guides; production took place in-house or as "in-house-outsourced" workflows; the surgeon alone was involved in POC 3DP in 36 papers; the use of free versus paid planning software was balanced (50.72% vs. 49.27%); average planning time was 4.44 h; overall operating time decreased and outcomes were favorable, though evidence-based studies were limited; and finally, the heterogenous cost reports made a comprehensive financial analysis difficult. Overall, the development of in-house 3D printed devices supports CMF surgery, and encouraging results indicate that the technology has matured considerably.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the parotid gland - a case report.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the parotid gland is a rare entity among head and neck tumours. We report a case of a patient with a medical history of diffuse large B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with complete remission following chemotherapy, who presented seven years afterwards with a progressive painless hard swelling of the right parotidgland. Ultrasonography followed by contrast-enhanced MRI features was consistent with a malignant tumour. Consequently, fine and core needle aspiration biopsy were performed under ultrasound guidance and the final histopathological result was MALT lymphoma of the parotid gland. The most important particularity of the case is the sequential development of two different histopathological types of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, both of B-cell lineage.